A ceasefire agreement has been signed today between the Ethiopian government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), marking a significant step towards ending two years of brutal conflict in the Tigray region. The signing ceremony took place in Pretoria, South Africa, facilitated by the African Union (AU) amid growing international pressure to resolve the humanitarian crisis and restore stability in the region.

The agreement was officially signed by Ethiopian government negotiators led by Deputy Prime Minister Demeke Mekonnen and TPLF leaders, including Chief Negotiator Getachew Reda. The discussions commenced on October 25 and were aimed at addressing the ongoing violence that has resulted in thousands of deaths and widespread displacement of civilians in Tigray, Amhara, and Afar regions.

Under the terms of the agreement, both parties have committed to an immediate cessation of hostilities and to allow humanitarian access to affected areas. Humanitarian organizations have faced significant challenges in delivering aid due to ongoing fighting and restrictions. The agreement also includes provisions for disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of TPLF combatants, as well as measures to restore services and infrastructure in Tigray.

UN Secretary-General António Guterres welcomed the ceasefire, emphasizing the need for humanitarian access to ensure the delivery of food, medical supplies, and other essentials to the millions affected by the conflict. Reports indicate that more than 5 million people are in need of urgent assistance in Tigray alone.

This agreement follows months of sporadic fighting and escalating tensions between the Ethiopian government and TPLF forces. The conflict began in November 2020, and it has been characterized by atrocities on both sides, including reports of mass killings, sexual violence, and widespread displacement.

Regional leaders, including President William Ruto of Kenya, have praised the ceasefire as a vital step towards lasting peace in the Horn of Africa. However, skepticism remains regarding the implementation of the agreement, given the history of failed ceasefires in the conflict.

As the ceasefire takes effect, attention will now turn to the humanitarian situation on the ground and the need for sustained international support to ensure that aid reaches those most in need. The AU and international observers are expected to play a crucial role in monitoring compliance with the terms of the ceasefire.