Upon returning from his recent state visit to the United States, Kenyan President William Ruto appeared buoyant, armed with a substantial financial package that might quell critics of his foreign trips amid a struggling economy burdened by debt.

The centerpiece of his negotiations was a $3.6 billion loan intended for the construction of a 440-kilometer superhighway connecting Mombasa and Nairobi, costing approximately $8.2 million per kilometer.

In announcements like these, terms like “loan” and “debt” are often glossed over, allowing some to mistakenly believe that President Biden simply gifted this sum to Ruto to resolve pressing issues. However, the digitally savvy Kenyan Generation Z is well aware of the implications.

While Ruto faces genuine challenges—like a weakened Kenyan shilling making debt servicing increasingly costly—taking on additional billions in foreign debt raises serious concerns. Interestingly, the new loan mirrors the amount spent on a recently completed railway funded by China, which runs parallel to the proposed highway.

As the national budget approached, Kenyans, particularly the younger generation grappling with unemployment and rising living costs, were watching closely. A wave of new taxation measures soon followed, aimed at servicing the growing debt, further straining the cost of living.

The Finance Bill 2024 quickly became a focal point of discontent. This annual budgetary measure took on a particularly negative connotation under Ruto, provoking outrage and drawing comparisons to his name. The situation escalated as protests grew, with many demanding Ruto’s resignation alongside the contentious bill, which he ultimately set aside.

However, this anger risks obscuring the potential influence of external forces benefiting from the turmoil. Ruto may view his domestic opposition as the sole threat, but it’s crucial to acknowledge the role of foreign interests, as alluded to in historical quotes about subjugation through debt.

Initially, Ruto symbolized hope for African economic unity, championing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and advocating for a single African market using local currencies. The responsibility for Ruto’s position ultimately lies with the Kenyan populace, but the continent still needs leadership focused on economic integration to combat the risks posed by foreign debt manipulation.

Africa possesses vast resources, including biofuels for clean energy and rare earth minerals essential for transitioning to sustainable energy. The urgency to harness these resources collectively is clear; otherwise, they may be extracted without adequate compensation.

It’s worth contemplating why the Democratic Republic of Congo, which joined the East African Community (EAC) two years ago, has shown little interest in engaging with it. This decline coincides with Ruto’s ascension and revitalization of AfCFTA, raising questions about the continent’s direction under external financial influences.

Kenya’s advancements in ICT and finance present an opportunity to reshape an Africa that can effectively utilize its resources for development, free from the looming threat of debt dependency.

A breakdown of order could expedite this perilous situation, possibly leading Africans to invite external forces to restore stability—at the expense of their independence.