On Wednesday, June 25, 2025, Kenya faced violent anti-government protests across the country, resulting in at least 16 deaths, most allegedly caused by police, according to Amnesty Kenya.
The demonstrations, marking the one-year anniversary of last year’s deadly protests against a controversial tax bill that led to the storming of parliament, saw thousands take to the streets, particularly in the capital, Nairobi.
Clashes and Casualties in Nairobi
Local media reported that police used tear gas and water cannons to disperse crowds in Nairobi, where some protesters clashed violently with security forces.
Irungu Houghton, executive director of Amnesty Kenya, confirmed 16 deaths by 8:30 PM, with most victims killed by police.
At least five of those killed died from gunshot wounds, according to figures verified by Amnesty Kenya and the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR).
The government-funded KNCHR reported eight deaths nationwide, all allegedly from gunshot wounds, in a statement shared on its official X account.
The commission also documented over 400 casualties, including demonstrators, police officers, and journalists, amid allegations of excessive police force involving rubber bullets, live ammunition, and water cannons.
Police Response and Arrests
Kenyan police spokesperson Muchiri Nyaga declined to comment on the statements from Amnesty Kenya and KNCHR.
The state-funded Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) confirmed at least 61 arrests during the protests.
The heavy police presence and reported use of force have drawn criticism from human rights organizations.
Medical Facilities Overwhelmed
Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi’s primary medical facility, admitted dozens of wounded protesters.
A hospital official reported 107 patients, most with injuries from rubber bullets or live rounds.
No deaths were recorded at the hospital as of the latest update.
A Year After the Tax Bill Protests
The protests commemorate last year’s demonstrations, which resulted in over 60 deaths and culminated in the storming of Kenya’s parliament over a controversial tax bill.
Wednesday’s demonstrations highlight ongoing public frustration with government policies and police tactics, raising concerns about escalating tensions in the East African nation.
As investigations continue, human rights groups are calling for accountability and an end to excessive police force in response to public demonstrations.
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